Application of Criminal Sanctions to Murder Cases According to Islamic Criminal Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70826/jcisnu.v2i2.833Keywords:
Criminal Sanctions, Murder, Islamic Criminal Law, Qishas, Diyat, ExpiationAbstract
The application of criminal sanctions in murder cases according to Islamic criminal law
is a form of justice that balances the rights of the victim, the perpetrator, and the
community. Islamic criminal law divides murder into three main categories: intentional
murder (qatl 'amd), semi-intentional murder (qatl syibh 'amd), and unintentional
murder (qatl khath'). Each type of murder has different legal consequences, with the
main sanctions being qiyhas (retribution) for intentional murder, and diyat (financial
compensation) and kaffarah (atonement) for semi-intentional and unintentional
murder. This article aims to analyze the application of criminal sanctions in various
murder cases from an Islamic legal perspective, and to explore the principles of justice,
forgiveness, and the opportunity for peaceful resolution accommodated by the diyat
mechanism. This study then compares sanctions in Islamic criminal law with those in
modern criminal law systems, highlighting the uniqueness of the Islamic approach that
prioritizes the balance between punishment and forgiveness. In conclusion, Islamic
criminal law offers a flexible yet firm model of law enforcement, where justice does not
only involve revenge, but also provides opportunities for reconciliation and peace.
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