Reconstruction of the Theory of Legal Authority in Islam: Dialectics between Revelation, Reason, and Social Reality
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70826/jcisnu.v3i1.1475Keywords:
Reason, Law, Contextual, RevelationAbstract
This study discusses the reconstruction of the theory of legal authority in Islam by examining the interaction between revelation, reason, and social reality. The background of the research arises from the need to understand Islamic law as a normative system derived from revelation, but also must be responsive to the dynamics of modern society. The study aims to analyze the construction of the theory of legal authority in Islam and examine how revelation, rationality, and social context interact in the formation of law. The method used is qualitative research with a library research approach, combining historical and conceptual analysis. Data sources include classical literature on ushul fiqh, contemporary Islamic legal thought, the Qur'an, Hadith, and related academic documents. The analysis is conducted critically, comparatively, and dialectically to examine the relationship between the normative principles of revelation, the role of reason in ijtihad, and the influence of social reality. The results show that revelation functions as a normative and ethical foundation, reason plays a methodological instrument through qiyas, istihsan, and maslahah to interpret law according to context, and social reality encourages legal adaptation through contextual ijtihad. Contemporary thought emphasizes a reconstruction of law that balances the authority of texts with the needs of modern society, with the maqasid al-shariah and collective deliberation as guiding principles. In conclusion, Islamic law is dynamic and adaptive, capable of maintaining the legitimacy of revelation while remaining relevant to contemporary challenges. The research recommends developing a holistic approach that integrates revelation, reason, and social reality, strengthens collective ijtihad, and ensures Islamic law remains relevant, responsive, and just.
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