Ijtihad in the Dynamics of Its Use

Abstract

Ijtihad is a fundamental instrument in Islamic law that functions to explore and formulate laws from the Qur'an and Sunnah when a problem is not explicitly regulated in both. The urgency of ijtihad is increasing along with the development of the era that presents various new legal challenges that require solutions in accordance with sharia principles. Therefore, the study of ijtihad, starting from the definition, legal basis, law of conducting ijtihad, to its methods and steps, is very important in ensuring the flexibility of Islamic law in responding to the dynamics of life. This study aims to analyze the concept of ijtihad comprehensively by highlighting key aspects, such as the qualifications of mujtahid, the levels of mujtahid, and the methods used in the ijtihad process. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analytical approach to examine the sources of Islamic law and related literature. The results of the study show that ijtihad has a crucial role in maintaining the relevance of Islamic law and must be carried out by individuals who meet certain requirements. Various methods in ijtihad, such as tarjih and istinbath law, are key to harmonizing seemingly contradictory arguments. In conclusion, ijtihad is the primary means of ensuring that Islamic law remains contextual and applicable throughout time.